空気と微生物 - Living, Loving, Thinking, Again

Andrew Gregory “Air pollution linked to rise in antibiotic resistance that imperils human health” https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/aug/07/air-pollution-linked-rise-antibiotic-resistance-imperils-human-health

大気汚染と「抗生物質耐性」*1の上昇は相関している。

Air pollution is helping to drive a rise in antibiotic resistance that poses a significant threat to human health worldwide, a global study suggests.
The analysis, using data from more than 100 countries spanning nearly two decades, indicates that increased air pollution is linked with rising antibiotic resistance across every country and continent.
It also suggests the link between the two has strengthened over time, with increases in air pollution levels coinciding with larger rises in antibiotic resistance.
“Our analysis presents strong evidence that increasing levels of air pollution are associated with increased risk of antibiotic resistance,” researchers from China and the UK wrote. “This analysis is the first to show how air pollution affects antibiotic resistance globally.” Their findings are published in the Lancet Planetary Health journal*2.
Antibiotic resistance is one of the fastest-growing threats to global health. It can affect people of any age in any country and is already killing 1.3 million people a year, according to estimates.

あくまでも相関関係であって、大気汚染（PM2.5の上昇）と「抗生物質耐性」の上昇が結びつくメカニズムはわからない。抗生物質耐性上昇の主要な原因は抗生物質の不適切な使用*3である。また、大気汚染が人間の健康に対するリスクの主要な源泉となっていることも明らかである；

Air pollution is already the single largest environmental risk to public health. Long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with chronic conditions such as heart disease, asthma and lung cancer, reducing life expectancy.
Short-term exposure to high pollution levels can cause coughing, wheezing and asthma attacks, and is leading to increased hospital and GP attendances worldwide.

*1:See eg. World Health Organization "Antibiotic resistance" https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antibiotic-resistance

*2:Zhenchao Zhou, Xinyi Shuai, Zejun Lin, Xi Yu, Xiaoliang Ba, and Mark A Holmes et al. "Association between particulate matter (PM)2·5 air pollution and clinical antibiotic resistance: a global analysis" https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(23)00135-3/fulltext