小暮の先祖？

Political Philosophy: An Introduction

ソクラテスの弁明―エウチュプロン,クリトン (角川文庫)

Richard G. Stevens Political Philosophy*1第４章”The Origin of Political Philosophy”（「政治哲学の起源」）の中で、プラトンの『ソクラテスの弁明』の読解が行なわれている（p.82ff.）。メレトスがソクラテスを告発した罪状は、若者たちを堕落させたこと、また「ポリスが信じている神々を信ぜず、その代わりに新しいダイモンたちを信じていること」であった（p.87）。この箇所に挿入されている長めの脚注が興味深いので、書き写しておく；

There were three ranks of gods in the understanding of the Greeks; gods, heroes, and demons. The proper definition of a hero is a being one of whose parents was a god, the other a human. He is thus a demigod. In Christian usage, “demon” always denotes something evil, a thing to be exorcised. In the pagan usage, the word was neutral. One could have a good daimon or a bad daimon(to “have” one is to be invested with it). The English word “enthusiasm”*2 comes from the Greek entheous, to have a god within, to be possessed. Socrates had daid that he had a daimonion, a demonic thing that prompted him. It was as an inner voice that never prompted him to do anything but always warned him against injustice. This voice was the new daimon that Meletus charged him with adding to the aceepted ones.

See also http://d.hatena.ne.jp/sumita-m/20120204/1328367486 http://d.hatena.ne.jp/sumita-m/20110509/1304920733 http://d.hatena.ne.jp/sumita-m/20080928/1222578269

*1:Mentioned in http://d.hatena.ne.jp/sumita-m/20180827/1535385265

*2:日本語で言えば、熱中。